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La pratique de l'analyse coût bénéfice (ACB) est de longue tradition en France puisqu'elle remonte à Dupuit (1849) mais elle reste toujours un sujet d'actualité. Cette pratique en effet résulte de la rencontre de la théorie économique et des processus de décisions concernant les choix de projet. Or ces deux volets changent constamment : les avancées et progrès de la théorie permettent des perfectionnements constants des méthodes et outils techniques utilisés, et d'autre part des modifications dans les processus de décisions et dans les organisations institutionnelles transforment les besoins d'évaluations. Ces modifications permanentes connaissent dans certains pays des temps forts de mutation rapide, et c'est actuellement le cas de la.

Cost effectiveness. --- Transportation --- Planning.

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While the basic principles of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) are long-standing, the challenges entailed in applying these principles are constantly evolving. This paper reviews recent developments in environmental CBA since the publication of an OECD volume on this topic by Pearce et al. (2006). The character and direction of these developments also evolves over time and the current review reflects this process.

Environmental policy -- Cost effectiveness. --- Environmental policy. --- Environmental protection -- Cost effectiveness. --- Environmental protection. --- Environmental policy --- Environmental protection --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Cost effectiveness --- Cost effectiveness. --- Kosten-batenanalyse --- Milieubeleid

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This Round Table examines the costs and benefits of road safety measures, examining methodologies, prospects and country experiences before drawing a series of conclusions.

Transport --- Traffic safety --- Congresses --- Cost effectiveness

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State Medicaid agencies have several organizational options to provide cost-effective health care to the growing numbers of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients eligible for Medicaid. This report focuses on the AIDS-specific home- and community-based waiver option for AIDS patients, made available in 1985 as an amendment to Section 2176 of the 1981 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act. Waivers exempt Medicaid programs from specific statutory and regulatory provisions if such exemptions can be shown to improve cost-effectiveness and delivery of services. The report presents an overview of the home- and community-based waiver program's purpose; the types of waivers for which states may apply; and the waiver application, reporting, and renewal processes. The authors present a review of the literature on the waiver program and identify related research efforts under way that will eventually add to our understanding of how Medicaid programs serve AIDS patients. They then describe the experience of current waiver states (California, Hawaii, New Mexico, New Jersey, Ohio, and South Carolina). The research suggests that there are several ways to make the waiver program even more attractive to Medicaid agencies, including easing the administration and reporting requirements of the waiver, increasing the program's flexibility, and relaxing the requirement that cost savings be demonstrated before a waiver can be granted.

AIDS (Disease) --- Medicaid. --- AIDS (Disease) --- Patients --- Services for --- Cost effectiveness. --- Patients --- Home care --- Cost effectiveness.

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The U.S. Air Force currently relies principally on boom-and-receptacle technology to conduct aerial-refueling operations for fixed-wing aircraft. With this approach, a single aircraft at a time may be refueled behind a tanker. An alternative concept, called multipoint aerial refueling, uses probe-and-rogue technology to enable more than one aircraft to refuel simultaneously from a tanker. The work described in this documented briefing reviews five studies to determine whether any general conclusions may be drawn regarding the merits of multipoint aerial refueling. It also describes the results of a RAND analysis of how multipoint refueling might have affected tanker requirements during a single high-tempo day of Desert Storm operations. The work is part of a larger effort undertaken by RAND at the request of the Commission on Roles and Missions of the Armed Forces, to review and evaluate "current allocations among the Armed Forces of roles, missions, and functions" and to "make recommendations for changes in the current definition and distribution of those roles, missions and functions" (National Defense Authorization Act for FY 1994). As such, the document should be of interest to those Air Force and other U.S. military personnel, analysts, policymakers, and operational commanders who are broadly concerned with the employment of forces and with aerial-refueling operations in particular.

Airtankers (Military science) --- Airplanes --- Cost control. --- Air refueling --- Cost effectiveness.